| Geographical Information |
| Map Location |
Southeast Asia |
| Geographical Location |
5° 00' South Latitude
120° 00' East Longitude |
| Surface Area |
1,919,440 sq km |
| Climate |
Tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands |
| Natural Resources |
Petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver |
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| Political Information |
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| Country Name |
Republic of Indonesia |
| Capital City |
Jakarta |
| Government Type |
Republic |
| Administrative Divisions |
30 provinces (propinsi-propinsi, singular - propinsi), 2 special regions* (daerah-daerah istimewa, singular - daerah istimewa), and 1 special capital city district** (daerah khusus ibukota);
Aceh*, Bali, Banten, Bengkulu, Gorontalo, Irian Jaya Barat, Jakarta Raya**, Jambi, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Timur,
Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, Kepulauan Riau, Lampung, Maluku, Maluku Utara, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Papua, Riau, Sulawesi Barat, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tengah, Sulawesi Tenggara,
Sulawesi Utara, Sumatera Barat, Sumatera Selatan, Sumatera Utara, Yogyakarta*; note - with the implementation of decentralization on 1 January 2001, the 357 districts or regencies became the key administrative
units responsible for providing most government services |
| Independence Day |
17 August 1945 (independence proclaimed); 27 December 1949 (Netherlands recognizes Indonesian independence) |
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| Demographical Information |
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| Population |
241,973,879 (July 2005 est.) |
| Nationality |
Indonesian |
| Ethnic Groups |
Javanese 45%, Sundanese 14%, Madurese 7.5%, coastal Malays 7.5%, other 26% |
| Religion |
Muslim 88%, Protestant 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 2%, Buddhist 1%, other 1% (1998) |
| Languages |
Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English, Dutch, local dialects, the most widely spoken of which is Javanese |
| Population Growth Rate |
1.45% (2005 est.) |
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| Economical Information |
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| Currency |
Indonesian rupiah (IDR) |
| Industries |
Petroleum and natural gas, textiles, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, chemical fertilizers, plywood, rubber, food, tourism |
| Labor Force |
111.5 million (2004 est.) |
| Labor Force by Sectors |
Agriculture 45%, industry 16%, services 39% (1999 est.) |
| Agriculture Products |
Rice, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, rubber, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, copra, poultry, beef, pork, eggs |
| Export Commodities |
Oil and gas, electrical appliances, plywood, textiles, rubber |
| Export Partners |
Japan 21.8%, US 13.5%, China 7.5%, Singapore 7.4%, South Korea 5.9%, Malaysia 4.9% (2004) |
| Import Commodities |
Machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs |
| Import Partners |
Japan 19.3%, China 11%, Singapore 9.2%, Thailand 6.8%, Malaysia 6.5%, US 5.7%, Australia 5%, Germany 4.2% (2004) |
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| Transportation |
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| Railways |
6,458 km |
| Highways |
342,700 km |
| Pipelines |
Condensate 850 km; condensate/gas 128 km; gas 8,506 km; oil 7,472 km; oil/gas/water 66 km; refined products 1,329 km (2004) |
| Airports |
667 (2004 est.) |
| Ports and Harbors |
Cilacap, Cirebon, Jakarta, Kupang, Makassar, Palembang, Semarang, Surabaya |
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| Communication |
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| Phone Code |
+62 |
| Internet Abbreviation |
.id |
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| Other |
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| Short History |
The Dutch began to colonize Indonesia in the early 17th century; the islands were occupied by Japan from 1942 to 1945. Indonesia declared its independence after Japan's surrender,
but it required four years of intermittent negotiations, recurring hostilities, and UN mediation before the Netherlands agreed to relinquish its colony. Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state.
Current issues include: alleviating widespread poverty, preventing terrorism, continuing the transition to popularly-elected governments after four decades of authoritarianism, implementing reforms of the banking sector,
addressing charges of cronyism and corruption, holding the military and police accountable for human rights violations, and resolving armed separatist movements in Aceh and Papua. |
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