World Countries-Egypt
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Photo Gallery	EGYPT Country Name Arab Republic of Egypt Capital Cairo Currency Egyptian pound Religion Muslim Surface Area 1,001,450 sq km Population 77,505,756 Nationality Egyptian Languages Arabic (official)	Click to Enlarge the Map

Geographical Information
Map Location Africa Geographical Location 27° 00' North Latitude 30° 00' East Longitude Surface Area 1,001,450 sq km Climate Desert; hot, dry summers with moderate winters Natural Resources Petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, manganese, limestone, gypsum, talc, asbestos, lead, zinc
Political Information
Country Name Arab Republic of Egypt Capital City Cairo Government Type Republic Administrative Divisions 26 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Ad Daqahliyah, Al Bahr al Ahmar, Al Buhayrah, Al Fayyum, Al Gharbiyah, Al Iskandariyah, Al Isma'iliyah, Al Jizah, Al Minufiyah, Al Minya, Al Qahirah, Al Qalyubiyah, Al Wadi al Jadid, Ash Sharqiyah, As Suways, Aswan, Asyut, Bani Suwayf, Bur Sa'id, Dumyat, Janub Sina', Kafr ash Shaykh, Matruh, Qina, Shamal Sina', Suhaj Independence Day 28 February 1922 (from UK)
Demographical Information
Population 77,505,756 (July 2005 est.) Nationality Egyptian Ethnic Groups Eastern Hamitic stock (Egyptians, Bedouins, and Berbers) 99%, Greek, Nubian, Armenian, other European (primarily Italian and French) 1% Religion Muslim (mostly Sunni) 94%, Coptic Christian and other 6% Languages Arabic (official), English and French widely understood by educated classes Population Growth Rate 1.78% (2005 est.)
Economical Information
Currency Egyptian pound (EGP) Industries Textiles, food processing, tourism, chemicals, hydrocarbons, construction, cement, metals Labor Force 20.71 million (2004 est.) Labor Force by Sectors Agriculture 32%, industry 17%, services 51% (2001 est.) Agriculture Products Cotton, rice, corn, wheat, beans, fruits, vegetables; cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats Export Commodities Crude oil and petroleum products, cotton, textiles, metal products, chemicals Export Partners Italy 13.1%, US 11.6%, UK 7.5%, Germany 5.1%, Spain 4.5%, France 4.2% (2004) Import Commodities Machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, wood products, fuels Import Partners US 13.2%, Germany 7.2%, Italy 7.1%, France 6.1%, China 5.5%, UK 4.9%, Saudi Arabia 4.4% (2004)
Transportation
Railways 5,063 km Highways 64,000 km Pipelines Condensate 289 km; condensate/gas 94 km; gas 6,115 km; liquid petroleum gas 852 km; oil 5,032 km; oil/gas/water 36 km; refined products 246 km (2004) Airports 87 (2004 est.) Ports and Harbors Alexandria, Al Ghardaqah, Aswan, Asyut, Bur Safajah, Damietta, Marsa Matruh, Port Said, Suez
Communication
Phone Code +20 Internet Abbreviation .eg
Other
Short History The regularity and richness of the annual Nile River flood, coupled with semi-isolation provided by deserts to the east and west, allowed for the development of one of the world's great civilizations. A unified kingdom arose circa 3200 B.C. and a series of dynasties ruled in Egypt for the next three millennia. The last native dynasty fell to the Persians in 341 B.C., who in turn were replaced by the Greeks, Romans, and Byzantines. It was the Arabs who introduced Islam and the Arabic language in the 7th century and who ruled for the next six centuries. A local military caste, the Mamluks took control about 1250 and continued to govern after the conquest of Egypt by the Ottoman Turks in 1517. Following the completion of the Suez Canal in 1869, Egypt became an important world transportation hub, but also fell heavily into debt. Ostensibly to protect its investments, Britain seized control of Egypt's government in 1882, but nominal allegiance to the Ottoman Empire continued until 1914. Partially independent from the UK in 1922, Egypt acquired full sovereignty following World War II. The completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971 and the resultant Lake Nasser have altered the time-honored place of the Nile River in the agriculture and ecology of Egypt. A rapidly growing population (the largest in the Arab world), limited arable land, and dependence on the Nile all continue to overtax resources and stress society. The government has struggled to ready the economy for the new millennium through economic reform and massive investment in communications and physical infrastructure.